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PCT

PCT (procalcitonin) is a protein that increases in plasma levels during severe bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections, as well as in sepsis and multiple organ failure. PCT is not elevated in autoimmunity, allergy, and viral infections.

Locally limited bacterial infections, mild infections, and chronic inflammation do not cause it to rise. Bacterial endotoxin plays a crucial role in the induction process.

PCT reflects the active degree of systemic inflammatory response. Factors that affect PCT levels include the size and type of the infected organ, the type of bacteria, the degree of inflammation, and the state of the immune response. In addition, PCT can only be measured 1 to 4 days after major surgery in a small number of patients.

Elevated PCT levels are seen in severe shock, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), even in the absence of bacterial infection or bacterial foci. However, PCT levels in these cases were generally lower than those with bacterial foci. Induction may be caused by cytokine release or bacterial translocation from the gut.

 
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