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Understanding Panic Attacks: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Understanding Panic Attacks: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

  • Time of issue:2023-03-20
  • Views:

(Summary description)Panic attacks are sudden, intense episodes of fear and anxiety that can occur unexpectedly. They can be very frightening and debilitating, and may even lead to avoiding certain situations or activities. In this post, we will explore the causes and symptoms of panic attacks, as well as various treatment options that are available. Understanding panic attacks can help individuals better manage and cope with this challenging condition.

Understanding Panic Attacks: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

(Summary description)Panic attacks are sudden, intense episodes of fear and anxiety that can occur unexpectedly. They can be very frightening and debilitating, and may even lead to avoiding certain situations or activities. In this post, we will explore the causes and symptoms of panic attacks, as well as various treatment options that are available. Understanding panic attacks can help individuals better manage and cope with this challenging condition.

  • Categories:Blogs
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  • Time of issue:2023-03-20 17:50
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Information

What exactly is the flu? How to distinguish a stream from the common cold? How to prevent it?

 

 

1. What is flu?


Influenza, referred to as "flu", is a highly contagious, fast-spreading acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus.


Influenza viruses are divided into four types: A, B, C, and D. At present, the main infecting humans are A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) subtypes in influenza A virus and B(Victoria) and B in influenza B virus. B (Yamagata) series.


Influenza A, which is what we usually call a stream.

 

 

2. What is the difference between influenza A and the common cold?


When the following symptoms appear in the body, it is necessary to suspect influenza A rather than the common cold:


✎ Sudden high fever and obvious symptoms of aversion to cold


Influenza A and other influenza usually have a rapid onset, with fever appearing within 3-6 hours of onset, and rapidly developing into high fever, which may last for 3-5 days.


Due to the rapid rise in body temperature, patients often feel chills.


✎ Severe headache, body aches


Most patients with influenza A will experience severe headaches, especially at the eyebrow arches and temples.


Moreover, because the toxins released by the influenza A virus can cause a large amount of acidic substances to be produced, it is often accompanied by general muscle aches and joint pains.


✎ Persistent tiredness, weakness


After the onset of influenza A, most of the patients have poor spirits, feel obvious fatigue and weakness, and even feel dizzy and want to sleep all day long, which greatly affects their life and work.


✎ Chest pressure


Symptoms include chest tightness, suffocation, and poor breathing. It may be that the virus invades the respiratory tract and causes respiratory tract infection, resulting in insufficient gas exchange and mild hypoxia symptoms.

 

 

3. What is the difference between influenza A and COVID-19 infection?


As a kind of influenza, influenza A is seasonally popular every year, often occurring in winter, spring and summer. Although similar to respiratory diseases such as the new crown, their respective manifestations are slightly different:

Influenza A is a Class C infectious disease, while the new crown is still a Class B infectious disease, with a higher level of prevention and control.


Influenza A fever is mostly high fever; while the new coronavirus is mostly low-to-medium fever (37.3°C-39°C), some patients may have high fever, and mild and asymptomatic patients generally do not have fever.


Patients with new crowns have a higher probability of experiencing abnormal taste and smell; and abnormal taste and smell are relatively rare in influenza A infection.


From a clinical point of view, the chance of developing serious illnesses such as lung disease after being infected with influenza A is less than that of the new crown.


However, it should be noted that influenza A may also cause white lung, especially for patients with low immunity, older age or serious underlying diseases, they are more likely to be infected with pneumonia, so they must be protected.

 

 

4. How do you know you have influenza A?


Influenza viruses are routinely detected by:


First, virus antigen detection: colloidal gold method and immunofluorescence method can be used for virus antigen detection. Antigen detection is fast and is a commonly used method for influenza virus detection in hospitals. Due to the limitations of detection methods, a positive viral antigen test supports the diagnosis, but a negative test does not completely rule out influenza.


Secondly, virus nucleic acid detection: mainly detect influenza virus nucleic acid in patients' nasal swabs, throat swabs, nasopharyngeal swabs, tracheal extracts, and sputum. The sensitivity and specificity of viral nucleic acid detection are high, and it can distinguish virus types and subtypes.

 

 

5. Which groups are at high risk of severe influenza A?


The elderly over 65 years old, children under 5 years old, people with underlying diseases, people with low immunity, pregnant women and women within 2 weeks after delivery, obese people (BMI> 30)

 

 

6. What should I do if I get influenza A?


Influenza, including influenza A, is a self-limiting disease. After 3-5 days of onset, the fever will gradually subside, and symptoms such as headache and muscle and joint pain will gradually relieve.


After flu symptoms appear, don't panic, you can deal with them in the following ways:

If you are in a good mental state, have no obvious headache, have a normal appetite, and have a fever below 38°C, you can observe at home, drink plenty of water, eat more vegetables and fruits, and eat a light diet to ensure sleep.


If you have high fever, body temperature over 38.5°C, accompanied by headache, body aches, listlessness, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, you need to go to the fever clinic of the hospital for treatment.


Reduce contact with others, try to rest at home, pay attention to indoor ventilation when you are at home, keep a distance from your family, and wear a mask when you go out.

 

 

7. Is there any specific medicine for treating influenza A?


What needs to be explained first is that not everyone who has the flu must take antiviral drugs. The vast majority of influenza antiviral drugs are prescription drugs and need to be evaluated by a doctor before use; antiviral drugs cannot replace annual influenza vaccination for prevention.


Currently, the domestically available antiviral drugs for influenza mainly include oseltamivir (including granules and capsules), zanamivir, peramivir, arbidol, and mabaloxavir.

 

 

8. Who is suitable for taking oseltamivir?


Although early treatment is most beneficial, treatment should be initiated in these patients (severe or progressive disease, high risk of influenza complications, or hospitalized) regardless of the duration of symptoms. Oseltamivir can be used in newborns.

 

 

9. When should I take oseltamivir?


Oseltamivir is only effective against influenza virus, not against other viruses.


For children, typical symptoms such as high fever and muscle aches, combined with a positive test for influenza virus, require the use of the drug. In the case that influenza virus detection (nucleic acid or antigen) cannot be met, it is necessary to evaluate the special epidemiological history to decide whether to start the drug treatment.


Oseltamivir has certain side effects, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other gastrointestinal symptoms. If patients have problems with the use, they should go to the hospital for evaluation and adjust the medication if necessary.

 

 

10. How should parents take care of their children infected with influenza A?


Try to live in a single room and reduce contact.
After using the toilet, it should be ventilated, cleaned and disinfected immediately.
Masks must be worn when activities in the common area of the family.
As much as possible, a relatively fixed family member who is not a high-risk group of influenza should take care of and contact the patient, and wear a mask when in close contact.
Monitor the health of family members closely. Once other family members develop fever and acute respiratory symptoms, they should seek medical attention in time.

 

 

11. How can citizens prevent influenza A?

 

First, practicing good hygiene is crucial.


Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue, elbow, etc. when coughing or sneezing;
Wash your hands frequently with soap and running water, and try to avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with your hands;
Keep the environment clean and ventilated. Windows should be frequently opened in homes and classrooms for ventilation every day, and disinfection should be carried out when necessary;
Avoid contact with sick people;
Daily balanced diet, reasonable increase or decrease of clothing, appropriate amount of outdoor exercise, and adequate rest.

 

Second, getting a flu shot is the most effective preventive measure.

The currently available quadrivalent influenza vaccine can prevent H1N1, H3N2 subtypes and B Victoria and Yamagata virus antigens. Influenza vaccines are vaccinated between September and October every year, and the protective effect can be maintained in the winter and spring flu seasons. In addition to children, the elderly, pregnant women, patients with chronic diseases, and medical workers are also vulnerable to influenza virus attacks. It is recommended that the above-mentioned groups take precautions and give priority to vaccination.

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